first hand material meaning in English
原始材料
Examples
- On the basis of referring to much domestic and foreign literature , doing detailed market research on mechanical - electrical industry in dalian , the author gained first hand material
在参考了国内外诸多关于战略管理及相关文献的基础上，本人通过对大连市机电安装行业深入细致的市场调研，取得了详实的第一手资料。 - This paper draws on many original , first hand materials ( 33 cases ) to study and explain the nature and implications of changes in local government guidance in suzhou , during these different historical periods and stages
所以,政府主导性发生变化的动力,概括地说,来自于政府的客体和主体这两方面。 ( 2 )我国地方政府主导性的两个向度。 - With abundant first hand materials arid from the height of " the two common " , the article recognizes deeply the great significance of the construction of new countryside of national minorities in heilongjiang province , makes sure the overall measures on promoting the construction of new countryside , carries out measures on promoting the construction of new countryside of national minorities and puts forward the problems that need resolving and attention
摘要本文利用大量的第一手调研资料，从“两个共同”的高度，深刻认识黑龙江省少数民族新农村建设的重要意义，确定推进新农村建设的总体方案，提出实施推进少数民族新农村建设的措施，以及需要解决和应特别关注的问题。 - Based on scientific theories and methods of strategic management of enterprise , economics , market development , analysis of feasibility and first hand materials collected when working in network star co . ltd , this article 1 ) analyzed network star co ltd ' s competition strategies in broadband connection ; 2 ) studied , in detail , the technique - economy and feasibility of its broadband connection service especially the small area broadband connection service ; determined technical , economical and profit model of the broadband connection service for network star co ltd . ; 3 ) summarized marketing strategies for the broadband connection services of network star co ltd . the results of this study are valuable for marketing broadband connection services for network star co ltd
论文运用企业战略管理、经济学、市场营销和项目可行性分析等科学理论和方法，依据在网星公司工作的第一手资料，对网星公司宽带网络竞争战略进行分析，然后针对网星公司的宽带接入服务特别是具有“第二次网络圈地运动”之称的小区宽带接入服务进行了深入具体的技术经济和可行性研究，从而确立网星公司宽带接入服务基本的技术经济和赢利模式，在此基础上分析总结出网星公司宽带接入服务营销策略。论文研究结果对于解决网星公司宽带接入服务营销问题有重要价值，并会产生较好的经济效益。 - For that , in order to make a primary exploration on her pygmy effort , the writer has not only actively collected the existing materials and digested the other ' s research achievement , but also personally investigated several counties in the area on this subject and thus a lot of first hand material is collected
为此，笔者在积极搜集资料、吸收别人研究成果的基础上，亲赴关中数县进行小城镇社会调查，搜集到了大量第一手资料，试图以自己绵薄之力，对关中小城镇发展模式做初步探索。